24x7 Emergency & Critical CareRachanapalli, Anantapur

Women's Health

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS, is a hormonal condition that causes irregular periods, excess hair growth, acne and difficulty conceiving. It is one of the commonest reasons young women attend the gynaecology clinic, and it responds well to treatment.

Symptoms

Not everyone gets every symptom, and the pattern can differ in older people, in people with diabetes and in children. These are the ones most often reported.

  • Irregular, delayed or absent periods
  • Difficulty conceiving
  • Excess hair on the face, chin, chest or abdomen
  • Acne and oily skin persisting beyond adolescence
  • Weight gain, particularly around the abdomen
  • Hair thinning over the scalp
  • Dark velvety patches on the neck, underarms or groin

When to see a doctor

Do not wait these out

If any of the following applies, arrange to be seen the same day. For anything sudden or severe, call 9281862028 or come straight to the emergency department at SIMS — it is open 24 hours and does not need an appointment.

  • Periods that are consistently more than 35 days apart, or fewer than eight periods a year
  • No conception after a year of trying, or six months if over 35
  • Very heavy or prolonged bleeding when a period finally comes
  • Rapidly increasing facial hair or voice change, which needs further hormonal assessment

Tests that may be advised

Your consultant will order only the investigations that change the plan. Most of the following are available on the SIMS campus, so results usually come back the same visit.

  • Pelvic ultrasound to assess the ovaries and the endometrial lining
  • Hormone profile including LH, FSH, prolactin and testosterone
  • Thyroid function tests
  • Fasting blood sugar, insulin and HbA1c
  • Lipid profile, given the long-term metabolic risk

How it is treated

Treatment is decided case by case — by how advanced the problem is, what else you are being treated for, and what you can realistically sustain. Broadly, it involves the following.

  • Weight reduction of even five to ten percent, which restores regular cycles in many women
  • Regular exercise and a diet lower in refined carbohydrate
  • Hormonal treatment to regularise cycles and protect the uterine lining
  • Insulin-sensitising medication in appropriate patients
  • Ovulation induction and fertility treatment when pregnancy is desired
  • Long-term screening for diabetes, blood pressure and cholesterol
This page is general information, not a diagnosis

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome can look like several other conditions, and the reverse is equally true. Nothing here can replace an examination, your test results and the judgement of the doctor treating you — and no medicine mentioned by name to a friend or relative should be started on the strength of this page. If you recognise yourself in it, book a consultation with the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department. If a symptom is sudden or severe, call 9281862028.

Worried it might be polycystic ovary syndrome?

A consultation settles the question far faster than more reading. Tell us your symptoms and we will route you to the department that treats it.